Rafael works for the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) in the Monetary and Economic Department (MED) where he is managing the Bank’s statistical data processing, analysis, and disseminations systems. Before joining MED, he worked in the BIS Risk Management Department managing the Risk Methodology team. Rafael taught as an assistant professor at the University of Cologne and the London School of Economics and Political Science. Rafael holds university degrees in Mathematics, Economics, Statistics, and Actuarial Science. He has a PhD and a habilitation in Financial Statistics and Econometrics.